The supply chain consists of producer, manufacturer, wholesaler, retailer, and ultimate consumers.
True
The sourcing of textiles and apparel comes from American suppliers because American suppliers offer the lowest costs due to production efficiencies.
True
Planned obsolescence is the continual introduction of new and different styles, prints, colors, and fabrics.
True
The A-line shift, above-the-knee hemlines, and white go-go boots of the 1960s were introduced by Andres Courreges.
True
Because of the vast diversity within the fashion industry, students do not need to know and understand the fundamentals of the industry as well as basic fashion terminology.
False
The combined size of the men's and boy's apparel and accessories industries is twice as large as that of the women's apparel and accessories industries.
False
Vanity sizing is common at the lower end of the wholesale price zones due to the need to make customers feel good about purchasing inexpensive fashions.
False
The major categories of children's apparel and accessories are preemies, newborns, infants, toddlers, children, and preteens.
True
Thorstein Veblen proposed that a style requires group acceptance before it can become a fashion.
False
The high-low trend in dressing means that people wear more expensive branded pieces with trend-right items at fast-fashion.
True
The notion that new fashions evolve from the most recent fashions is referred to as historical continuity.
True
For the best career preparations, college students are encouraged to:
Gain part-time employment
Have a strong work ethic
Understand that change will be a constant in their careers
Why is fashion unique?
Fashion products appeal to consumer emotions
Fashion is perishable
Fashions are available to most income levels of consumers
Fashion requires group acceptance
Personal qualities desired in those who pursue fashion careers include:
Thinking critically, creativity, charisma, and a calculating mind
Merchandising is providing the:
Right product at the right time, in the right quantity, at the right price
The key to the successful marketing of fashions that are popular at the moment is called:
Speed-to-market
Speed-to-manufacture
Speed-to-retailer
Speed-to-production
The supply chain levels (in order) are:
Producer to manufacturer to wholesaler to retailer to ultimate consumer
Fashion at any time reflects social, political, and economic happenings. A word used to describe this is:
Zeitgeist
The women who publicly rejected the wearing of corsets and adopted Turkish trousers under shorter skirts are known as:
Suffragettes
Which designer is credited with introducing the New Look to post-World War II America?
Christian Dior
The time during the 1970s when men wore colorful, effeminate clothing was known as the:
Peacock Revolution
One of the effects of World War II on the American fashion industry was the:
Limited contact with French couture houses
The women's wear industry wholesale categories include casual sportswear, tailored clothing, and:
The list is not a reflection of the women's wear wholesale categories
The wholesale zones typical of a department store's main level merchandise are:
Upper Moderate/Lower Better
When designers opt to reinterpret select pieces from their signature lines while maintaining the style of the signature collection, the pieces are part of the _____ line.
Diffusion
Which of the following is not a distinguishing factor of the men's wear industry?
There are fewer firms in the men's wear industry
Companies usually have long histories
The industry is comprised of vertically integrated firms
A current trend in the children's wear industry is:
An increase in the number of licensed products
An increase in the influence of children on purchase decisions
Fashion knockoffs of higher-priced items that are quickly copied, produced, delivered, and sold at low prices are:
Fast fashion
The fashion theory that states that fashions are first adopted near large metropolitan cities before moving inward toward the central United States is the _____________theory.
Trickle across
The _____________theory describes a single fashion using different adjectives, depending on how far removed the style is from its fashionable days.
Laver
The theory of the shifting erogenous zone suggests:
The female body is divided into a series of sterilized zones that are singularly uncovered to create fashion interest
The purpose of fashion is to:
Decorate
Create a sense of identity
Demonstrate superiority
Relieve boredom
The demise of serviceable fashions that are then replaced by newer, seemingly more attractive fashions is
Artificial obsolescence
The phrase ________ describes the situation in which the lower classes chase (imitate) fashions of the upper class, who then fly to a newer fashion.
Chase and flight
Intro: Fashion innovators purchase from the retailers who "lead" fashion
Rise: Fashion leaders purchase from traditional retailers in their "better" departments
Acceleration: Fashion followers purchase from traditional retailers in "moderate priced" Departments
Mass Acceptance:
Fashion followers purchase from the mass merchants
Decline: Fashion followers may purchase a few items at greatly reduced priced from discounters
Obsolescence:
No one is buying
The Fashion Cycle
Businesses can segment a target market using demographics, psychographics, behavioral characteristics, or geographics.
true
The target customer is the chosen market segment, and the target market is the businesses or individuals within the group.
false
With relationship marketing, marketers attempt to create strong relationships with the best customers by offering valued product and service packages.
false
_______ variables include values, attitudes, beliefs, opinions, interests, and lifestyles.
Psychographics
The term "geographic segmentation" refers to the process of dividing the marketing into groups that may be:
all the above; states,cities, continents
The image associated with a company or brand in the customer's mind in relation to the four Ps of marketing is known as _________.
none of the above
The deliberate and strategic change in the four Ps of marketing to create a different image in the customer's minds is:
repositioning
A fashion product life cycle has four stages: rise, growth, culmination, decline, and obsolescence.
false
The prediction of trends in colors, prints, styles, and fabrics for apparel and accessories is:
Fashion forecasting
The illegal practice of manufacturing replicas and fake merchandise disguised as authentic originals creates ___________ products.
counterfeit
Events that provide opportunities for trade members to make industry contacts, network, create awareness, view trends, and show innovative products are termed:
trade shows
The gathering of quantitative research data relies on sufficient amounts of data, so results reflect the larger population.
true
Which of the following is not an adopter group corresponding to the fashion product life cycle?
early miniority
The type of data in which facts are gathered specifically to answer a research problem is called:
primary data
Which of the following is not one of the seven steps of fashion research?
all of the steps are research process; defining the research problem, selecting the sample, collecting data, reporting the findings
The fashion product life cycle curve that depicts a quick rise in popularity and a quicker decline in popularity is the:
fad
The fashion product life cycle that depicts a product popular over a relatively long period of time is a:
classic
When a large percentage of the population has adopted a fashion, and everyone who wants the fashion wears it, the fashion is in the______ stage of the life cycle.
culmination
In general, the price of a fashion is usually higher in the _____stage of the life cycle.
introductory
When the retailer and the manufacturer share the cost of the a product advertisement , the term used is:
cooperative advertising
Positioning is placing the brand in the consumers' minds so that consumers perceive it in a particular way.
true
When marketers attempt to position a product, they attempt to change customer perception from a firmly held belief to a different view.
true
Which marketer uses branding to demonstrate superior attributes to target customers?
all of the above; stores, designers, manuifacturers
Which term is used to refer to the positive feelings and added value that consumers associate with a brand?
brand equality and brand franchise
Brands with national distribution that are available nationwide in competing stores are:
designer brands
The contractual agreement between a licensor and a licensee whereby the licensor sells the rights to use its name on merchandise produced by the licensor is termed:
licensing